NIH Support of Eugene L. Saenger, University of Cincinnati Grants Awarded to Eugene L. Saenger, Principal Investigator A. CA-02973, Incidence in Neoplasia in Irradiated Children B. CA-06500, Incidence in Neoplasia in Irradiated Children C. GM-01247, Radiological Sciences D. CA-05O49, Radiological Sciences II. Grants Cited in E.L. Saenger Research (Saenger not identified as the principal investigator) A. RR-00068, General Clinical Research Center Subproject leader, FY 1970, "Metabolic Studies of Gamma Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals." The grant record and a listing of subprojects, by fiscal year, is provided. B. RR-05408, General Research Support Saenger is not listed as a subproject leader. Note that indexers did not always maintain subproject leaders in grant records. The grant record and a listing of subprojects for several fiscal years is provided. C. RR-00123, General Clinical Center, Children's Hospital Research Foundation Subproject leader, FY, 1970, "Radioisotope Metabolism Studies." The grant record and a listing of subprojects for several fiscal years is provided. *While Saenger is listed as subproject leader for only two projects, funded under RR-0068 and RR-00123, in only one fiscal year (FY 1970), much of his literature was written in collaboration with researchers who are listed as subproject leaders in other years. III. Other Grants Cited by Saenger DRG is determining the source of these grants. Note: The following abstracts are verbatim, where available, as to include all detail. B. Grant Number: R CA-06500 Source of Funding: National Cancer Institute, Type of Grant: Research Funded: Fiscal Year 1962-66 Title: Incidence of Neoplasia in Irradiated Children Principal Investigator: E.L. Saenger Literature Citing Support: (1) "Radiation-Associated Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands: A Controlled Study," H.R. Maxon, E.L. Saenger, S.R. Thomas, M.L. Schafer, C.R. Buncher, J.G. Kereiakes, C.A. McLaughlin. Source: Annals of Otolarangy 90:1981. Abstract: Five hundred fifty-four persons were evaluated who had received external radiation therapy for benign diseases of the head and neck in childhood and whose salivary glands were presumably included in the radiation field. A significant excess of salivary gland cancers were noted when they were compared to 958 nonirradiated control subjects. (2) "Clinically Important Radiation Associated Thyroid Disease, A Controlled Study," H.R. Maxon, E.L. Saenger, S.R. Thomas, M.L. Schafer, C.R. Buncher, J.G. Kereiakes, C.A. McLaughlin. Source: Journal of the American Medical Association, Oct. 17, 1980, Vol 244, No. 16. Abstract: Reprint of article above. I. Grants Awarded to Eugene L. Saenger, Principal Investigator A. Grant Number: R CA-02973 Source of Funding: National Cancer Institute, Type of Grant: Research Funded: Fiscal Year 1957-59 Title: Incidence of Neoplasia in Irradiated Children Principal Investigator: E.L. Saenger Literature Citing Support: (1) "Neoplasia Following Therapeutic Irradiation for Benign Conditions in Childhood," E. L. Saenger, F.N. Silverman, T.D. Sterling, M. E. Turner. Source: Radiology, Vol. 74, No. 6, June 1960, pg. 889- 904. Abstract: The question of whether or not radiation can be indicted as the principal causative factor in the induction of neoplasia following radiation exposure for either diagnostic or therapeutic purposes was answered using secondary data. A series of 1 ,644 persons of a total of 2,230 who were irradiated over the head, neck, and chest in infants were compared with 3,777 sibling with respect to subsequent medical history. (2) "Radiation Epidemiology," T.D. Sterling, E.L. Saenger, J. J. Phair. Source: Cancer, May-June 1962, Vol. 15, No. 3, pg. 489- 503. Abstract: The authors review past and present epidemiological methods in an analysis of their use in the field of radiology because of number of epidemiological investigations have failed to answer questions on the possible hazards arising form relatively small radiation doses in diagnosis and during some treatments. *absorption doses in mrad/uc administrated were then calculated for the whole body and/or critical organ using the general beta and gamma dose formulae. The average whole body dose ranged from 10 to 20 times greater in the newborn than standard man for a given quantity of administered radioactivity. Furthermore, since infants and children breather more air on per weight basis than an adult an since their water intake is also greater on a per weight basis, maximum permissible concentration guides based upon standard man do not apply to younger individuals. (3) "Medulloblastoma - A Review of Prognosis and Survival," D.R. McFarland, H. Horwitz, E.L. Saenger, G.K. Bahr. Source: Journal of Radiology, Vol. 42, No. 495, March 1969, pg. 198-214. Abstract: This paper presents the experience at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and consolidates published data on the prognosis and survival of patients with medulloblastoma. Eighty papers concerning clinical aspects of medulloblastoma published during the years of 1925 to 1967 are reviewed and the University of Cincinnati experience added. At total of 1,360 cases are described, but information was not complete enough in the various publications to allow all of these cases to be used for the different analyses which follow. All 1,360 cases had histologically proven medulloblastoma, subtentorial in origin. Lesions diagnosed as "cerebellar sarcomas" are excluded, although some authorities do not differentiate cerebellar sarcoma form medulloblastoma, considering them to be variants of the same disease. As far as possible, patients over 16 years of age at the time of diagnosis are excluded from the material reviewed. (4) "Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry in Pediatrics," J.G. Kereiakes, H.N. Wellman, J. Tieman, E.L. Saenger. Source: Radiology, May 1968, Vol. 90, pg. 925-930. Abstract: The average radiation doses to whole body and to certain organs were calculated from whole-body counter measurements for a selected population of, children administered radiopharmaceutical for diagnostic purposes. The findings presented here are part of a continuing program for obtaining metabolic data in children to allow modifications of the dose calculations presented here and in previous reports and to provide more accurate and complete estimates of radiation exposure. II. Funding Cited in Saenger Literature: A. Grant Number: RR-0068 Source of Funding: Research Resources Type of Grant: General Clinical Research Center Funded: Fiscal Year 1963-84 Title: General Clinical Research Center Principal Investigator: Harvey Knowles (post 1965) *While Saenger is listed as a subproject leader for RR-00068 in only one year (FY 1970, titled "Metabolic Studies of Gamma Emitting Radiopharmaceutical") much of his literature cites authors who received support under RR-00068. Literature Citing Support: None located. B. Grant Number: RR-05408 Source of Funding: Research Resources Type of Grant: General Research Report Funded: Fiscal Year 1964-72 Title: General Research Support Principal Investigator: Clifford Grulee Literature Citing Support: (1) "Whole Body and Partial Body Radiotherapy of Advanced Cancer," E.L. Saenger, E.B. Silberstein, H. Horwitz, J.G. Kereiakes, G.K. Bahr, H. Perry, B.I. Friedman. Source: American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Thermal Nuclear Medicine, Vol 117, No. 3, March 1973, pg. 670-685. Abstract: The purpose of these investigations has been to improve the treatment and general clinical management and if possible the length of survival of patients with advanced cancer. Systemic effects of radiation therapy have been given particular attention in our work. From February 19, 1960 through August 31, 1971, 85 adults were given whole or partial body radiation as therapy for far advanced cancer. This paper will report on the survival of patients in 3 categories: colon; lung; and breast. Prophylactic whole body radiation was given to 3 children with localized Ewing's sarcoma and this experience will be discussed briefly. C. Grant Number: T GM-01247 Source of Funding: National Institute of General Medical Sciences Type of Grant: Training Funded: Fiscal Year 1964-74 Title: Radiological Sciences Principal Investigator: E.L. Saenger Literature Citing Support: (1) "Active Bone-Marrow Dose Related to Hematological Changes in Whole-Body and Partial Body Co Gamma Radiation Exposures," J.G. Kereiakes, W. Van de Riet, C. Born, C. Ewing, E. Silberstein, E.L. Saenger. Source: Radiology, No. 103, June 1972, pg. 651-656. Abstract: This study investigates active bone narrow dose as a parameter for hematological changes resulting from whole- body and partial-body exposures. Dose distributions in active bone marrow were measured in a tissue-equivalent human phantom. Dose equivalents for the partial-body exposure conditions were determined by applying the phantom marrow dose distributions to a model for nonuniform exposure based on stem-cell dose-survival curves. The model was extended to predict hematological changes which agreed favorable with the observed clinical changes. The patients received either prophylactic radiotherapy following local irradiation of a Ewing's tumor or palliative wide- field irradiation for metastatic carcinoma not amenable to surgical or conventional radiotherapy. (2) "Radionuclide Doses to Infants and Children: A Plea for a Standard Child," J.G. Kereiakes, R.A. Seltzer, B. Blackburn, E.L. Saenger. Source: Health Physics, Vol. 11, pg. 999-1004, 1965. Abstract: The variation in average dose from an internally deposited radionuclide with the radionuclide, its chemical form and route of administration is fairly well known. Maximum permissible dose levels are normally based upon the administration of a given quantity of radionuclide to "standard man," a hypothetical adult of average weight and height, as well as chemical composition. This study considers dose levels for infants and children. A series of standards children of various ages was derived by supplementing values of the fiftieth percentile for heights and weights of certain ages with pertinent information on organ weights and physiology. Age groups selected for this study, include : newborn, 1, 5, 10 and 15 years old. Average Grant Number: T CA-05049 Source of Funding: National Cancer Institute Type of Grant: Training Funded: Fiscal Year 1959-63 Title: Radiological Sciences Principal Investigator: E.L. Saenger Literature Citing Support: (1) "Endoreduplication in Leucocyte Chromosomes. Preliminary Report of its Relation to Cancer and Whole-Body Irradiation," B.1. Friedman, E.L. Saenger, M.S. Kreindler Source: The Lancet, September 5, 1964, pg. 494-5. Abstract: Of 11 patients studied, 10 were examined as part of an investigation of the metabolic effects of whole-body irradiation. Co (60) gamma-radiation was given at a focus skin distance of 282 cm. (2) "Experiences with Iodine-131 in Management of Carcinoma of the Thyroid," E.L. Saenger, C.M. Barrett, J.W. Passino, R.A. Seltzer, W.D. Dooley. Abstract: The use of iodine-131 in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer in 67 patients from several Cincinnati hospitals (observed at the Radioisotope Laboratory of the Cincinnati General Hospital since 1950) is reported. (3) "Liver Scanning in the Diagnosis of Hematobilia," R. Ruskin, E.L. Saenger. Source: Radiology, Volume 81:980-3, (4) Liquid Scintillation Counting of 1-131 in a Clinical Laboratory," H. Horwitz, J.G. Keriakes, E.L. Saenger, T. Selkirk. Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 1963, Vol. 4, pg. 426A38. Abstract: A standard method has been developed for liquid scintillation counting of 1-131 beta particles in plasma volumes from 1 ml to 3 ml with a counting efficiency of 52.5 percent to 48 percent. C. Grant Number: RR-00123 Source of Funding: Research Resources Type of Grant: Funded: FY 1963-81 Title: General Clinical Research Center (Children) Principal Investigator: Edward L. Pratt, University of Cincinnati Literature Citing Support: None cited. (2) "Specific Proteins in Serum of Total-Body Irradiated Humans," A.J. Luzzio, B.I. Friedman, J.G. Kereiakes, E.L. Saenger. Source: The Journal of Immunology, Vol 96, pg. 64-67, 1966. Abstract: Sera collected from seven patients at various times before and after treatment with total body radiation (each served as his own control) was studied to determine the effects of radiation on specific proteins. (3) "Decision Making in Nuclear Medicine: Brain Imaging," R.A. Berke, E.L. Saenger, G.K. Bahr. Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine, Vol. 14, No. 11, pg. 850-853, 1972. Abstract: Brain images were read by a panel of nuclear medicine physicians, residents, and technicians to determine whether the image was normal or abnormal. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were developed indicating that technologists scored somewhat better than physicians in this initial trial. This method is capable of wide use in improving the interpretations of a physician. Technologists may be able to aid by preliminary screening of cases for suspected abnormalities. III. Other Grants Cited by E.L. Saenger Grant Number: MH-1175 Source of Funding: National Institute of Mental Health Type of Grant: NA Funded: NA Title: NA Principal Investigator: NA Literature Citing Support: (1) "Deoxycytidine in Urine of Humans after whole Body Irradiation," H.K. Berry, E.L. Saenger, H. Perry, B.I. Friedman, J.G. Kereiakas, C. Scheel. Source: Science, October 18, 1963, pg. 396-7. Abstract: Increased levels of deoxycytidine were found in the urine of two humans during the first 24 hours after irradiation. This substance presumably was produced by the breakdown of DNA following irradiation or resulted from interference with the synthesis of DNA. Other Research Grants Cited by Saenger A. RR-00068, General Clinical Research Center Subproject leader, FY 1970, "Metabolic Studies of Gamma Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals." The grant record and a listing of subprojects, bye fiscal year, is provided. B. RR-05406, General Research Support Saenger is not listed as a subproject leader. Note that indexers did not always maintain subproject leaders in grant records. The grant record and a listing of subprojects for several fiscal years is provided. C. RR-00123, General Clinical Center, Children's Hospital Research Foundation Subproject leader, FY 1970, "Radioisotope Metabolism Studies." The grant record and a listing of subprojects for several fiscal years is provided.