ATTACHMENT
                                 A

        Secretary of Defense memorandum, February 26, 1953 

COPY                   SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
                            Washington

                                                     26 Feb 1953 

MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF THE ARMY
                   SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
                   SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE

SUBJECT: Use of Human Volunteers in Experimental Research

     1.   Based upon a recommendation of the Armed Forces Medical
Policy Council, that human subjects be employed under recognized
safeguards, as the only feasible means for realistic evaluation
and/or development of effective preventive measures of defense
against atomic, biological or chemical agents, the policy set forth
below will govern the use of human volunteers by the Department of
Defense in experimental research in the fields of atomic,
biological and/or chemical warfare.

     2.   By research of the basic medical responsibility in
connection with the development of defense of all types against
atomic, biological and/or chemical warfare agents, Armed Services
personnel shall be permitted to actively participate in all phases
of the program, such participation shall be subject to the
following conditions:

          a.   The voluntary consent of the human subject is
absolutely essential.

          (1) This means that the person involved should have legal
          capacity to give consent; should be so situated as to be
          able to exercise free power of choice, without the
          intervention of any element of force, fraud, deceit,
          duress, over-reaching, or other ulterior form of
          constraint or coercion; and should have sufficient
          knowledge and comprehension of the elements of the
          subject matter involved as to enable him to make an
          understanding and enlightened decision.  This latter
          element requires that before the acceptance of an
          affirmative decision by the experimental subject there
          should be made known to him the nature, duration, and
          purpose of the experiment; the method and means by

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          h.   Proper preparation should be made and adequate
facilities provided to protect the experimental subject against
even remote possibilities of injury, disability, or death. 

          i.   The experiment should be conducted only by
scientifically qualified persons.  The highest degree of skill and
care should be required through all stages of the experiment of
those who conduct or engage in the experiment.

          j.   During the course of the experiment, the human
subject should be at liberty to bring the experiment to an end if
he has reached the physical or mental state where continuation of
the experiment seems to him to be impossible.

          k.   During the course of the experiment the scientist in
charge must be prepared to terminate the experiment at any stage,
if he has probable cause to believe, in the exercise of the good
faith, superior skill and careful judgement required of him that a
continuation of the experiment is likely to result in injury,
disability, or death to the experimental subject.

          l.   The established policy, which prohibits the use of
prisoners of war in human experimentation, is continued and they
will not be used under any circumstances.

     3.   The Secretaries of the Army, Navy and Air Force are
authorized to conduct experiments in connection with the
development of defenses of all types against atomic, biological
and/or chemical warfare agents involving the use of human subjects
within the limits prescribed above.

     4.   In each instance in which an experiment is proposed
pursuant to this memorandum, the nature and purpose of the proposed
experiment and the name of the person who will be in charge of such
experiment shall be submitted for approval to the Secretary of the
military department in which the proposed experiment is to be
conducted.  No such experiment shall be undertaken until such
Secretary has approved in writing the experiment proposed, the
person who will be in charge of conducting it, as well as informing
the Secretary of Defense. 

     5.   The addresses will be responsible for insuring compliance
with the provisions of this memorandum within their respective
Services.

                             /signed/
                             C.E. WILSON

Copies furnished:                      Downgraded to UNCLASSIFIED
Joint Chiefs of Staff                                   22 Aug 75
Research and Development Board