TAB C

Biographical Sketches

New Staff/Consultant Hires since September 30, 1994


MIRIAM BOWLING
Research Associate

Before joining the Advisory Committee Staff, Ms. Bowling spent a year 
in Europe as a Thomas J. Watson Fellow, researching the implementation 
of sustainable energy resources and advances for renewable energy 
sources.  She received her BA in physics from Swarthmore College in 
1993, where she was inducted into Sigma Xi Scientific Research Honor 
Society for research published in Physical Review.  While at 
Swarthmore she served as Resident Assistant for two years, planning 
and coordinating educational activities, student events, and 
residential policies.  During the summers of 1991 and 1992, Ms. 
Bowling served as a research and field/media intern for the Union of 
Concerned Scientists' Energy, Arms Control, and Nuclear Safety 
Programs.

ROBIN COCHRAN, M.L.I.S.
Librarian

Ms. Cochran recently received her M.L.I.S. from the University of 
Texas at Austin.  Previously, she has worked as a senior information 
specialist at Congressional Research Service, a press secretary to a 
member of Congress, and a newspaper reporter.  She received her 
Bachelor of Science in mass communications from East Tennessee State 
University.

GAIL GELLER, Sc.D.
Consultant

Gail Geller is an Assistant Professor at the Johns Hopkins University 
School of Medicine, with a joint appointment at the School of Public 
Health working in the Genetics and Public Policy Studies research 
unit.  Dr. Geller has a particular interest in medical uncertainty and 
how it affects the informed consent process.  She received her Doctor 
of Science from the Program in Law, Ethics, and Health at the Johns 
Hopkins School of Public Health.  She has served as a consultant to 
the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Prenatal and  Newborn 
Screening for HIV Infection.  In 1991, through a fellowship from the 
French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, she was a visiting scientist in 
Paris, focusing on ethical issues in obstetrics.












GAIL JAVITT, J.D.
Research Analyst

Ms. Javitt has just completed a year as a law clerk to the Honorable 
Gary L. Taylor, U.S. District Court, in Santa Ana, California.  She 
received her law degree from Harvard University and her undergraduate 
degree from Columbia College, where she pursued an interdisciplinary 
major in biology and the history of science.  She has written about 
the exemption of medical device manufacturers from liability for 
device-related injuries.

JOHN  KRUGER, M.A.
Research Associate

Before joining the Advisory Committee, Mr. Kruger was a researcher and 
writer at the Center for Public Integrity, a non-profit public policy 
research organization.  The Center's most recent publication 
"Well-Healed" dealt with lobbying efforts behind health care reform.  
He has also written about the Clinton Administration's China policy, 
as well as the effects of economic globalization on the current U.S. 
foreign policy.  He earned his Master's degree in National Security 
Studies at Georgetown University in 1993, and received his BA degree 
in Communications from American University.


CHARLES R. McCARTHY, Ph.D.
Consultant

Charles R. McCarthy, Ph.D., is a Senior Research Fellow, Kennedy 
Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University.  Trained in philosophy and 
political science at the University of Toronto, Dr. McCarthy taught at 
The Catholic University  of America and George Washington University.  
Employed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1971, he 
functioned as Chief of the Legislative Development Branch and 
Executive Secretary of the NIH Director's Advisory Committee.  In 1978 
he was appointed Staff Director of the Secretary's Ethics Advisory 
Board.  For the final 14 years of his career at the NIH he served as 
the Director of the Office for Protection from Research Risks.  In 
this capacity, he was responsible for providing protection for human 
research subjects throughout the United States and in 80 nations 
worldwide, and for the humane care and use of laboratory animals.  Dr. 
McCarthy has written many articles and received a number of honors 
including the Outstanding Achievement Award from the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services.  Currently he is a member of the Board of 
Directors of Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research, of the 
Board of Directors of the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, of the 
Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources and the National Academy of 
Sciences, and serves as Ethics Staff Consultant to the Acadia 
Institute.